Surgical Technologist Job Duties
Surgical technologists perform a wide range of tasks that keep the operating room safe, organized, and ready for every step of a procedure.
Their duties extend across the entire surgical experience—from preparing the room and instruments to supporting the surgeon during the case and helping turn over the OR for the next patient.
Core Responsibilities of a Surgical Technologist
While specific tasks can vary by facility and specialty, CSTs share a common set of responsibilities that support safe, efficient surgery.
These responsibilities are often grouped into three phases: preparing for the case, supporting the team during the procedure, and helping close and reset the room afterward.
In every procedure, CSTs:
- Help maintain a sterile, organized operating room.
- Ensure the surgeon has the right instruments at the right time.
- Support patient safety through careful counts and aseptic technique.
Surgical Technologist Duties Before, During, and After Surgery
Before Surgery
- Review the preference card and procedure plan.
- Set up instrument tables and sterile fields.
- Check lights, suction, electrosurgical units, and other equipment.
- Assist with patient positioning and skin preparation as directed.
During Surgery
- Maintain sterility and proper instrument handling.
- Pass instruments and supplies in the correct sequence.
- Keep the operative field clear using sponges and suction.
- Assist with retraction, irrigation, and specimen handling as permitted.
After Surgery
- Assist with final counts and documentation.
- Help apply dressings and prepare the patient for transport.
- Break down the sterile field and contain sharps and biohazard waste.
- Prepare instruments for decontamination and sterilization.
Learn About Work Environments and Specialties
Understanding the duties is one part of the picture. Next, explore where CSTs work and the specialties you can grow into.